Ante
Ante v0.5
Ante v0.5
  • Welcome to Ante v0.5
  • How Ante works
  • Why use Ante?
    • How is Ante different?
    • What does Ante cost to use?
  • What's in Ante v0.5?
  • Using the Ante App
    • Navigating Ante
    • How to Stake
    • How to Challenge & Check Tests
    • The Decentralized Trust Score
      • Decentralized Trust Tiers
    • Deposit Limits
  • For Developers
    • Writing an Ante Test
      • Coming up with an invariant
      • Explaining IAnteTest.sol and AnteTest.sol
      • Ante Test Examples
      • Writing and Testing an Ante Test
      • Test an Ante Test Offline
      • Adding an Ante Test to Ante Github
      • Development FAQs
    • Integrating Ante
      • Integrate Ante using React
      • Integrate Ante using HTML
    • Deploying an Ante Test
      • Deploy an Ante Test
      • Create an Ante Pool
      • Verifying an Ante Pool
    • Contracts
  • About Ante
    • FAQs
    • Glossary
    • Security
    • Possible Future Work
    • Changelog
    • Terms of Service
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On this page
  • Ante Tests and Ante Pools
  • Test Pass/Fail Verification
  • Incentive Mechanisms

How Ante works

A high-level overview of Ante's mechanics

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Last updated 3 years ago

Ante's design is subject to change as its usage evolves. This is meant as a high-level overview of mechanics. Please read "" and talk to us on and if you have specific questions.

Ante Tests and Ante Pools

Ante Tests are smart contracts that check custom invariants of other smart contract systems like DeFi projects.

Ante Pools hold capital for an associated Ante Test and provide a standard set of functions for users to interact with. Anyone can put capital in an AntePool as a staker (supporting the invariant passing) or challenger (supporting the invariant failing).

Importantly, all staker and challenger capital held in Ante smart contracts is held in a non-custodial way.

Test Pass/Fail Verification

  • Any challenger that has participated in an Ante Pool for at least 12 blocks can "verify" that an Ante Test still passes.

    • This means calling checkTest() on the AntePool, which calls checkTestPasses() on the associated AnteTest

    • Checking an Ante Test costs gas to complete the transaction. Ante takes no fee here.

  • If the underlying invariant holds, nothing happens except the verifying challenger had to pay gas.

  • If the underlying invariant fails (i.e. checkTestPasses() returns False, all staker capital is locked and claimable by challengers.

Incentive Mechanisms

For stakers: challenger capital undergoes a block-by-block decay (~100 gwei per block per ETH of challenger capital, roughly 20% of challenger capital per year). This decay is allocated to stakers (if you want a quick ballpark estimate, total challenger capital / total staker capital * 20% ~= your "APY").

For challengers: if a challenger checks the Ante Test and it fails, all staker capital in the corresponding Ante Pool is locked and claimable by challengers, with the verifying challenger receiving an added bonus (5% of staker capital) for being the one to discover the test failure.

Using Ante
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Stakers are rewarded over time for their continued trust
Failed tests reward challengers for identifying risk in the system